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https://repository.sspu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/13235

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Перегляд Консенсус за Автор "Bachynska Yuliia"

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    Participation of Women in the Management System in Spain During the Regime of F. Franco
    (Гельветика, 2025) Bachynska Yuliia; Бачинська Юлія
    The purpose of the article is to analyse the level of access of Spanish women to the system of governance and to highlight informal barriers to this access in the context of diminishing rightsand freedoms under Franco’s regime. The study of women’s participation in governance is part of a wider range of gender studies relating to the period of Franco’s dictatorship. The problem is relevant in view of the importance of studying the impact of gender stereotypes and prejudices on inequality of working conditions and pay, and opportunities for career advancement. The methodological basis of the study is based on the approaches of gender studies, political and social history. The following methods were used to accomplish the research objectives: diachronic, retrospective, and historical and genetic. The object of the study is gender inequality in Spain under the Franco regime. Despite the existence of extensive research on these issues, informalbarriers that prevent women from reaching the top of their careers remain insufficiently studied. The legal mechanisms for restricting women’s economic independence, participation in labour relations and access to prestigious positions also require more detailed research. The scientific novelty of the study is to generalise and systematise the mechanisms of building political, administrative and social barriers to women’s access to participation in labour and socio-political activities in Spain under the Franco regime. The article also highlights the influence of the official ideology of Francoism, the involvement of religious and social institutions in the formation of gender roles, their distribution and consolidation, the curtailment of the process of women’s emancipation and the establishment of a system of gender discrimination in the main spheres of public life. Conclusions.The socio-political system formed by Franco’s regime was institutionally based on patriarchal principles that limited women’s socio-political rights and their presence in public life, including in the public administration system. However, within the official discourse, specific forms of women’s involvement in phalangist structures, such as the «Women’s Section», were created. They played a supportive role in the social and educational spheres, which allowed for the instrumentalisation of women’s participation to deepen the indoctrination of the population. Some women held symbolic positions, but they were exceptions that proved the rule. It was only in the 1960s and 1970s, under the influence of liberalisation, that the first practical steps were taken to overcome gender inequality in the administrative sphere. The results of this analysis confirm the hypothesis that there are not only legislative but also informal barriers to women’s access to leadership positions within the framework of gender relations established by Franco’s regime.